Echoes Within

Course Content
Intro About Course
This **Class 10 Science and Technology** course is tailored for school-level students and strictly follows the official syllabus issued by the [Curriculum Development Centre (CDC) Nepal](https://moest.gov.np/cdc) for the academic year **B.S. 2078**.Aligned with the subject code **SCT.008**, this course ensures that learners grasp key concepts, prepare effectively for exams, and gain practical scientific knowledge. It includes updated topics based on the latest **CDC Nepal curriculum**, making it ideal for students aiming for academic excellence in the **Class 10 board examination**.👉 For a detailed unit-wise breakdown, visit our [Class 10 Science Full Syllabus Page](#) (Replace `#` with the internal page URL)This course is suitable for self-study, school use, or as a revision tool, offering clear explanations, diagrams, and sample questions.Stay ahead in your learning with the most trusted and structured **Class 10 Science and Technology course in Nepal**. Official Syllabus PDF You can download the official syllabus directly from the CDC Nepal website: Download Class 10 Science and Technology Syllabus (PDF)Course Units Overview The Class 10 Science and Technology curriculum is structured into several units, each focusing on different scientific concepts. While the exact unit titles and content may vary, the syllabus typically includes the following areas:
1. Scentific Learning
After comletion of this topic, students will be able to : 1.1 - investigate independent variable, dependent variable, and control variablein scientific research and mention importance of control variable. 1.2 - differetiate between fundamental and derived units. 1.3 - to investigate the fundamental units involved in derived unit. 1.4 - to use the fundamental units in physical equation to examine their homogeneity.
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2. Classification of Living Beings
Upon completion of this topic, the students will be able to : 2.1 -classify plants and animals on the basis of five-kingdom classification system and explain the characteristics of each division (of plants) and phylum (of animals) with examples. 2.2 -classify the subdivision angiosperms upto the class and compare their classes. 2.3 -classify the sub-phylum vertebrata upto the class and compare their classes. 2.4 -describe the relationship between classification of living beings and their evolution.
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3. Honey Bee
Upon completion of this topic, the students will be able to : 3.1 describe the life cycle of a honeybee. 3.2 explain the importance of honeybees.
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Heridity
Heredity is the process by which traits are passed from parents to offspring through genes. It explains why children resemble their parents and why certain diseases or features run in families. After studing this topic (Heridity) students are able to learn and understand about to : -explain about concept and importance of Mitosis and Meiosis Cell Division. - introduce chromosome and gene. -differentiate between DNA and RNA on the basis of structure and function. And to tell Importance of DNA Test in different research. - explain the role of sex chromosome in sex determination of human. - explain Mendel's Laws related to monohybrid cross. -introduce Genetic Technology, and its uses related to research.
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Physiological Structure and Life Process
The human body is a complex system made up of various physiological structures that work together to sustain life. These structures include organs, tissues, and systems like the circulatory, respiratory, digestive, nervous, and excretory systems. Each life process—such as nutrition, respiration, transportation, excretion, growth, reproduction, and response to stimuli—is carried out by specialized organs and systems. These life processes are essential for: Maintaining homeostasis (internal balance), Providing energy, Removing waste, Ensuring survival and reproduction. For example: The digestive system breaks down food for energy, The respiratory system exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide, The circulatory system transports nutrients and oxygen, The nervous system helps in control and coordination. Together, these physiological structures and life processes form the foundation of biological function, allowing organisms to live, adapt, and interact with their environment.
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Motion and Force
After completion of this topic, the students will be able: - state the universal law of gravitation and solve numericals problems related to it. - define acceleration due to gravity and express its relation to the distance between the surface and center of earth. - introduce gravity and calculate the weight of a body. - introduce the concept of free fall. - describe the effect of air resistance on falling objects and investigate its advantage in daily life.
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Pressure
Upon completion of this topic, the students will be able to: 1.State and demonstrate Pascal's law and investigate its use in daily life. 2.Introduce upthrust in liquid and gas. 3.State and demonstrate Archimedes' principle and investigate its usein daily life.
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Heat
After completion of this topic, the students will be able to: 1.Introduce thermal energy, heat and temperature. 2. Explain the effect of heat on the molecular motion and change in the volume of abody and investigate the importance of anomalous expansion of water. 3. Introduce specific heat capacity of different bodoies and solve simple numerical problems related to it. 4.provide a brief description of the working principles of a laboratory thermometer, a digital clinical thermometer, and a radiation thermometer; and demonstrate the calibration of a thermometer through experimentation.
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Wave
After completion of this topic, the students will be able to: 1. explain the concept of wave refraction and demonstrate the laws of refraction. 2. introduce total internal reflection(TIR) of waves and explain the importance of TIR in sound and light wave applications. 3. demonstrate the dispersion of light and identify its practical applications in daily life. 4. define terms related to lenses and illustrate the laws of refraction by a lens using diagrams. 5. demonstrate the process of forming an image of an object through a lens and describe the features of the resulting image. 6.define optical power and explain the relationship between the lens and curve and its power. 7. describe the process of image formation in the human eye, accompanied by a diagram. 8. describe the types, causes, and correction of vision defects, supported by diagrams. 9. mention the effects of injury to the cornea on vision and introduce problems such as night blindness, cataracts, and colour blindness.
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Electricity and Magnetism
After completion of this topic, the students will be able to: 1. introduce direct current and alternating current. 2. demonstrate and sketch the diagram of the magnetic field formed around a straight wire and a solenoid with an electric current in them. 3. introduce magnetic lines of force and magnetic flux. 4.introduce the motor effect and describe its use in daily life. 5. mention Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction and explain the working process of dynamo and generator based on it. 6. state the structure, working method, and importance of a transformer and solve simple numerical problems based on it.
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Universe
After completion of this topic, the students will be able to: 1. mention the importance of gravitational force in the universe. 2. describe the origin of the universe based on the Big Bang Theory. 3. state the conclusion of Hubbel's study related to the motion of heavenly bodies. 4. write about the future of the universe based on the law of gravitation.
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Information and Communication Technology(ICT)
After completion of this topic, the students will be able to: 13.1. introduce the types of signals and use of the digital signals in our everyday life. 13.2. mention the differences between bit and bytes. 13.3. explain the mecanism of digital signal transmission with examples. 13.4. discuss some responsibilities of netizens, online reputation and digital wellbeing. 13.5. discuss the importance of multimedia in the classroom.
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Classification of Elements
After completion of this topic, the students will be able to: 1. demonstrate the understanding of modern periodic table. 2. describe the interrelation between the elements of certain groups and periods based on their atomic size, electropositivity, electronegativity, valency, and reactivity. 3. explain the classification of elements in the modern periodic table. 4. explain the position of metals, non-metals, and metalloids in the modern periodic table. 5. write the electronic configuration of elements up to the atomic number 20 on the basis of subshell.
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Chemical Reaction
After completion of this topic, the students will be able to: 1. describe the types of chemical reactions with examples. 2.explain and demonstrate experimentally the factors affecting the rate of chemical reactions.
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Gases
After completion of this topic, the students will be able to: 1. describe the methods of preparation of carbon dioxide, and ammonia gases in the laboratory and mention their properties. 2. describe the importance(utility) of carbon dioxide and ammonia. 3. explain the causes, effects, and control measures of acid rain. 4. describe the causes, consequences of greenhouse effects, and explain the measures to minimize the effects.
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Metals and Non-Metals
After completion of this topic, the students will be able to: 1. introduce minerals and ores. 2. tell the name of the main ores of iron, copper, silver, and aluinium. explain the process of extraction of metals from their ores briefly.
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Hydrocarbon and its compounds
After completion of this topic, the students will be able to: 1. introduce hydrocarbon with examples. 2. write IUPAC name, molecular structure and uses of hydrocarbons having carbon atom 1 to 4. 3. differentiate between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. 4. write the types and molecular formulae of alcohol based on the number of hydroxyl group (-OH). 5. investigate the uses of alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, and glycerol.
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Chemicals Used in Daily Life
After completion of this topic, the students will be able to: 1. introduce food preservatives and tell their proper uses. 2. introduce the chemicals used for cleanliness and mention their proper uses. 3. tell the precautions to be taken while storing and using different poisonous chemicals. 4. investigate the industrial chemicals that causes chemical pollution and describe their control measures.
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👉 “SEE 2082 Practice Questions with Answers (Based on Latest Exam Pattern)”
Here is SEE Model Question set as pattern issued by CDC to practice. And Echoes Within try to help you to check your answer with answer written here if required. “These questions are created for practice based on SEE exam pattern and are not official questions from CDC Nepal.”
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Entrance Preparation – Science Practice Set 1
Overview ​Transitioning from SEE to Grade 11 requires more than just memorization; it requires a deep conceptual understanding of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. Practice Set 1 is a curated collection of high-yield Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) designed to bridge the gap between secondary school and higher secondary science. ​What You Will Learn ​This set focuses on the core pillars of the Nepal CDC curriculum, with an added layer of difficulty to match the standards of Kathmandu’s top colleges and scholarship examinations. ​Physics: Mastery of fundamental concepts in Force, Energy, and Light (Refraction/Lenses). ​Chemistry: Quick-solving techniques for Chemical Reactions, Atomic Structure, and Periodic Table trends. ​Biology: Critical questions on Human Systems and Life Processes often overlooked in SEE textbooks. ​Key Features ​Scholarship Level: Questions are modeled after previous entrance exams from institutions like St. Xavier’s, SOS, and Budhanilkantha. ​Time Management: Designed to be completed in a timed environment to improve your speed and accuracy. ​Logic-Based: Every question includes a brief explanation to help you understand the why behind the answer, not just the what. ​Who Is This For? ​Students aiming for Full Scholarships in Kathmandu-based colleges. ​Students preparing for entrance exams at prestigious institutions across Nepal. ​Learners who want to strengthen their foundation before starting the Grade 11 Science stream. ​Teacher's Note: Success in entrance exams isn't just about how much you know, but how quickly you can apply that knowledge. Start with Set 1 to build your confidence and identify your weak spots early!
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Class – 10 (Science and Technology)

SEE Practice Model Set 3

[EWA2B3C0D1]

Time: 3 hours                                   FM : 75

Write an answer in your own creative way on the basis of given instructions.


Group ‘A’ [MCQ]

Multiple choice questions.        [10X1 =10]

1. Write the best alternative of the following questions in the answer sheet.

a. Which of the following is the function of receiver? 

A. To convert received signal into desired form.

B. To receive digital signal from channel. 

C. To receive analogue signal from source encoder.

D. To receive signal from source encoder.

b. Why are Moses and ferns both found in moist and sady places?

A. Do not need sunlight for photosynthesis. 

B. Survive only at low temperature. 

C. Depend on microorganisms for nutrition. 

D. Requires water for fertilization.

c. When Sameera observed the specimen in the laboratory, she found that both the organisms were long and cylindrical. She also found that organism A has cylindrical segmented body and organism B has not segmented body. By studying the above  characteristics which is statement is true for these organisms?

A. Organism A is diploblastic whereas organism B  triploblastic.

B. Organism A is triploblastic whereas organism B is diploblastic.

C. Organism A has well developed circulatory system whereas organism B has no circulatory system.

D. Organism A has no circulatory system whereas B has well developed circulatory system.

d. Which of the following groups is a group of endanger animals?

A. Blackbuck, wild yak, one horned rhinoceros. 

B. Brown bear, Bengal tiger, jackal. 

C. Red Panda, Pigmy hog, Deer

D. Snow leopard, Asiatic wild elephant, horse.

e. The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Earth is g. If mass and radius both are made halved, what is the new value of acceleration due to gravity on the earth surface?

A.g

B. 2g

C. 3g

D. 4g

f. Which principle is the given instrument based on?

SEE Practice Model Set 3

A. Pascal’s law

B. Archimedes’ principle 

C. Law of gravitation 

D. Newton’s law 

g. Soni named the speed of violet, blue, yellow and red coloured beam during the dispersion of light in prism as ev, eb, ey and er respectively. Which is the correct order of a speed made by her?

A. er < ey <eb <ev

B. er > ey > eb > ev

C. er < eb > ey < ev

D. er> eb >ey > ev

h. Under what condition can the flat universe be hypothesized?

A. When average density is equal with a critical density.

B.When average density is less than the critical density.

C. When average density is greater than the critical density.

D. When avarege density and critical density are not compareable.

I. What is X in the given chemical equation?

NaOH + X ➡️ NaCl + H2O

A. NaH

B. Cl2

C. HCl

D. H2O + Cl2

j. Organic matter is considered as a major source of water pollution caused by wastes of food, animal and human excreta, garbage, etc. Which of the following is a threat tqo aquatic life due to the excess of organic matter in water?

A. The lack of space available to aquatic life. 

B. Microorganisms consume dissolved oxygen to decompose organic matter.

C. Organic matter is swallowed by small animal. 

D. Decomposition of organic matter increases the temperature of water. 

Group ‘B’                         [9 X 1 = 9]

Very short answers type questions.

a. In an experiment density of water is being measured at different temperature. Which one is dependent variable in this experiment?

b. Write the Archimedes principle.

c. Write a difference between incident ray and emergent ray.

d. Ravi has taken his mother to ophthalmic as he saw reading the newspaper keeping more than 25 cm from her eyes. After the eye examination, what kind of glasses with lenses did the specialist suggest her to wear?

e. What change occur in output voltage if the number of turns in secondary coils is less than the number of turns in primary coil?

f. Write a difference between closed universe and open universe.

g. At what temperature density of water becomes the highest? 

h. Why is hematite ore considered chief ore of iron?

I. Write  the structural formula of ethanol.

Group ‘C’.              [14 X 2 = 28]

Write short answers. 

3. Prove that electric resistance ( Ω)= kgm² s–³A–².(A)

4. Write down any two characteristics of the class amphibian. (K)
5. Study the given concept map and name A and B.

SEE Practice Set

6. Write any two differences between somatic chromosome and sex chromosome. (U)
7. Draw a chart of the result obtained by crossing black mouse (BB) and hybrid black mouse(Bb). (A)

8. White blood cell of Renu’s blood is found 2500 after examination her blood. What are the possible causes of this? Write any two causes.(U)

9. Despite the medicinal herbs in our locality, we are dependent apun imported medicines. Write its one cause and what can we do to increase the use of medicinal herbs? Write a point. (A)

10. Write any two effects of gravity. (K)

11. Kavin dropped a stone from a tower of 49 m high. One second later, he throws another stone. They both hit the ground at the same time. Find out the velocity with which he threw the seconds one.(A)

12. Study the given figure and answer the following questions. (U)
SEE Practice Model Set; Transfermor i. What type of transformer is shown in the figure?

ii. Why is this used in power station? 

13. Niva made the device has shown in figure but rate of rotation of coil is found less. What should be done to increase the rate of rotation of coil? Write any two methods. (A)

SEE Practice Model Set

14. Suppose equal volume of hydrochloric acid is kept in conical flask A, B and C. If 10 gram powder limestone is kept in A and C, and piece of 10 gram limestone is kept in B, in which conical flask rate of chemical reaction is fast? Write with reason. (HA)

SEE Practice Model Set

15. The property and use of hydrocarbon compound in the given table below. (HA)

Property

Use

Colourless and viscous fluid with sweet taste.

Use as sweetening agent in confectionery.

I. Write down IUPAC name of that compound. 

ii. Write down the structural formula of compound formed by reaction between that compound with plenty of hydrogen. 

16. A part of opinion of Mr Abhishek harka published in the “My Republic” on 28 April 2023 he is given here       ……..” In the Nepal, the use of calcium carbide to  ripen fruits prohibited under the food act of 1967. Artificial ripening using chemicals such as calcium carbide can have determinantal effect on human health including poisoning and neurological damage.”

Answer the following questions on the basis of this part. (A)

I. Write down an effect seen in human health except above mentioned by such chemical. 

ii. Write a process to ripening food by traditional method.

Group ‘D’

Long answer questions.           [7X4=28]

17. Write any two positive and negative impacts of digital technology in our daily life.

18. Study the given figure and answer the following questions.

I. What is the special property of water soon in the figure called?

ii. Write the change that takes place in the volume of water on heating from zero degree celsius to 10 degree Celsius.

iii. Write any one use of this special property of water. 

19. a. What is an artery? Name the largest artery of human body.

b.  Mention two causes of high blood pressure. 

20.

SEE Practice Model Set

In the figure A, B, and C are three metal objects of equal mass and volume. They are heated to the same temperature and then placed in a vessel containing solid wax. The specific heat capacity of A, B and C are 380 J/kg⁰C, 470J/kg⁰C and 910 J/kg⁰C respectively. Based on this information answer the following questions:

a. Which metal has the highest amount of heat energy? 

b. Which metal goes the deepest into the wax vessel?

c. Which metal cools down the fastest? 

d. Which metal has the highest amount of heat lose?

21. Write two differences between concave and convex lens.

The power of the lens used in the spectacles worn by a student is  -6D. Calculate the focal length of the lens. Also mention the types of lens.

22. Study the electronics configuration of two element X and Y and answer the given questions.

X➡️1s², 2s²2p⁶, 3s²3p⁶, 4s²

Y➡️ 1s², 2s²2p⁶, 3s²3p⁵

a. Which one is metal? 

b. Write down the period of element Y.

c. Write the balance chemical equation of the compound formed by the combination of X and Y.

23. Study the given diagram and answer the following questions.

a. Which gas is being collected in the gas jar?

b. What are A & B in the figure?

c. What coloured litmus paper is used to identify such gas?

               Best of Luck