Echoes Within

“Echoes Within — Learning. Thinking. Sharing.”

Course Content
Physics
As syllabus for Grade XI Entrance Examination (Science)-2081 [Sainik Awasiya Mahavidyalaya] Physics (15 Marks) 1.Units and Dimensions, 2.Scalar and Vectors, 3.Motion, 4.Friction, 5.Simple Machines, 6.Source of Energy, 7.Work, Energy, Power, 8.Circular Motion, 9.Gravitation, 10.Hydrostatics, 11.Pressure, 12.Heat and Temperature, 13.Quantity of Heat, 14.Thermal Expansion, 15.Transfer of Heat, 16.Waves, 17.Sound, 18.Reflection, 19.Refraction, 20.Spherical mirrors and Lenses, 21.Prism, 22.Human Eye, 23.Microscope, 24.Telescope, 25.Magnets, 26.Electrolysis, 27.Transformer, 28.Electromagnetic induction, 29.Magnetic Effect, 30.Electricity, 31.Astronomy, 32.Zeology
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Chemistry
As syllabus for Grade XI Entrance Examination (Science)-2081 [Sainik Awasiya Mahavidyalaya] Chemistry (15 marks) 1.General and Language of Chemistry Atoms, Ion, Molecule, Elements, Compounds, Radicals, Valency, Commercial names of compounds, Types of Chemical reaction, Methods of mixture 2.Periodic Table 3.Structure of atom 4.Avogadroe's number and mole concept 5.Chemical bond: Ionic, Covalent and Co-ordinate covalent bond 6.Electrolysis 7.Acid, bace and salt 8.Metals and Metallurgy 9.Non metals and some important gases(H2, N2, O2, NH3, CO2) 10.Organic Chemistry 11.Chemistry in service of Mankind (Plastic, Glass, Cements, Ceramics, Fertilizers, Fibres, Pesticides, Soap and detergents) 12.Environmental Pollution 13.Hardness of water
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Biology -Botany
As syllabus for Grade XI Entrance Examination (Science)-2081 [Sainik Awasiya Mahavidyalaya] Biology (15 marks) Botany 1.Introduction to botany and its branches 2.Classification: ( Fungi, Plantae, Monera) 3.Cell and Cell division 4. Genetics 5.Adaptation of plants 6.Life cycle of mushroom and fern 7.Environmental Pollution
Biology – Zoology
As syllabus for Grade XI Entrance Examination (Science)-2081 [Sainik Awasiya Mahavidyalaya] Biology (15 marks) Zoology 1. Introduction to zoology and its branches. 2. Classification: Protista and Animalia 3. Life Cycle of Silkworm, Honeybee and Mosquito with their economic importance 4. Organic Evolution 5. Human Body system (Digestive, Respiratory, Circulatory, Excretory, Nervous, Glandular: Endocrine System and Skeletal) 6.Reproduction: Sexual and Asexual 7. Cromosomes and sex-determination 8.Adaptation: Introduction and types
GK
As syllabus for Grade XI Entrance Examination (Science)-2081 [Sainik Awasiya Mahavidyalaya] GK and IQ (10 marks) GK: 1.History and Geography 2. Civic sense and polity 3. Economy 4.Science and Technology 5. Culturelanguage and literature 6. Sports 7.Current Affairs 8.Miscellaneous
IQ
As syllabus for Grade XI Entrance Examination (Science)-2081 [Sainik Awasiya Mahavidyalaya] GK and IQ (10 marks) IQ 1.Sequence and series 2. Coding and Decoding 3. Logical Expression 4. Jumble Words 5.Geometric figures 6. Miscellaneous
English
As syllabus for Grade XI Entrance Examination (Science)-2081 [Sainik Awasiya Mahavidyalaya] English (15 Marks) 1. Articles 2. Prepositions 3. Tense 4. Voice 5. Transformations 6. Question Tags 7. Concord 8. Conditional 9. Causative verbs 10. Relative Clauses 11. Conjunctions 12. Reported Speech 13. Literary figures and their works 14. Synonyms/ Antonyms
Mathematics
As syllabus for Grade XI Entrance Examination (Science)-2081 [Sainik Awasiya Mahavidyalaya] Maths (20 Marks) 1. Set and Algebra: a. Set, b. Function, c. Polynomial, d. Sequence and series, e. HCF and LCM, f. Surds, g. Indices, h. Rational fractions, i. Equation 2. Arithmetics: a. Percentage b. Time and work c. Profit and Loss, discount and VAT d. Simple and compound interest e. Compound depreciation and population growth. 3. Mensuration a. Area of triangle and quadrilaterals b. Area and volume of cylinder, cone, sphere, prism, and pyramid 4.Geometry a Properties or theorems on triangle, parallelogram and circle 5. Statistics and probability a. Measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode, quartiles) b. Probability 6. Trigonometry
Bridge Course for NEB 11 Science (Post-SEE)

👁️🔭 Summary Note: Light – Defects of Human Eye, Microscope & Telescope

In Light 3, here’s a clear and concise summary note for the lesson “Light 3 – Defects of Human Eye, Microscope & Telescope”, tailored for SEE-passed students preparing for NEB Grade 11 Science entrance exams.


👁️ A. Human Eye and Its Defects

Light 3: Human Eye

🔹 Structure of the Human Eye:

  • Cornea – transparent front layer that refracts light.

  • Iris – the colored part that controls pupil size.

  • Pupil – opening through which light enters.

  • Lens – focuses light on the retina.

  • Retina – light-sensitive layer; forms image.

  • Optic Nerve – carries visual signals to the brain.

  • Ciliary Muscles – adjust lens shape for focusing.


⚠️ Common Defects of Vision:

Defect Cause Correction
Myopia (Nearsightedness) The eye is too long or the lens is too curved. Distant objects appear blurred. Use a concave (diverging) lens
Hypermetropia (Farsightedness) The eye is too short or the lens is too flat. Near objects appear blurred. Use a convex (converging) lens
Presbyopia Loss of elasticity of the lens due to ageing. Use bifocal lenses
Astigmatism Irregular curvature of the cornea/lens causes distorted vision. Use cylindrical lenses

🔬 B. Microscope

Light 3: Microscope captured image of cell

🔹 Simple Microscope:

  • Uses a single convex lens.

  • Magnifies small objects (like a magnifying glass).

  • Used for low magnification (2x–10x).

🔹 Compound Microscope:

  • Uses two convex lenses: the objective and eyepiece.

  • Objective forms a real, inverted image.

  • The eyepiece magnifies it to form a virtual, enlarged image.

  • Used in biology and laboratories for viewing tiny details.


🔭 C. Telescope

🔹 Astronomical Telescope:

  • Used to view distant celestial objects.

  • Uses two convex lenses:

    • Objective lens: collects light and forms a real image.

    • Eyepiece lens: magnifies the image.

  • The image formed is inverted and magnified.

  • Used in astronomy.

🔹 Terrestrial Telescope:

  • Includes a third lens to make the final image erect for viewing objects on Earth.


📝 Key Differences (Microscope vs Telescope):

Feature Microscope Telescope
Object Distance Very near Very far
Image Enlarged, erect or inverted Enlarged, mostly inverted
Used For Tiny objects Distant objects
Objective Lens Small focal length Large focal length

🔍 You Can Also Read:

Light: Part -1

Light: Part -2

🔊 Sound

SEE Result: New Possibilities and Uncertainties for Students’ Future Careers in Nepal

How to Choose the Right Stream After SEE in Nepal

CDC